Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /data/www.zhuangjiba.com/web/e/data/tmp/tempnews1.php on line 152 以太网,详细教您以太网是什么
- 分类:win8 发布时间: Warning: Use of undefined constant newstime - assumed 'newstime' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /data/www.zhuangjiba.com/web/e/data/tmp/tempnews1.php on line 156 2018年05月26日 14:18:02
对电脑有了解的用户就知道,以太网是在20世纪70年代研制开发的一种基带局域网技术,使用同轴电缆作为网络媒体,采用载波多路访问和冲突检测( CSMA/CD )机制,数据传输速率达到10MBPS 。下面,小编就来跟大家讲解以太网。
网络使用是越来越普遍,它的出现,极大的便利的人们,起到了重要的作用,有用户就问了什么是“以太网”?,这对计算机网络工程师可能是基本常识,但我们这些电脑的普通用户未必清楚,下面,小编就来跟大家介绍以太网。
以太网是什么
以太网是Xerox公司发明的基带LAN标准。它采用带冲突检测的载波监听多路访问协议(CSMA/CD),速率为10Mbps,传输介质为同轴电缆。以太网是在20世纪70年代为解决网络中零散的和偶然的堵塞而开发的,而IEEE802.3标准是在最初的以太网技术基础上于1980年开发成功的。现在,以太网一词泛指所有采用CSMA/CD协议的局域网。以太网2.0版由数字设备公司、Intel公司和Xerox公司联合开发,它与IEEE802.3兼容。
以太网电脑图解-1
一、运行原理:
以太网和IEEE802.3通常由接口卡(网卡)或主电路板上的电路实现。以太网电缆协议规定用收发器将电缆连到网络物理设备上。收发器执行物理层的大部分功能,其中包括冲突检测及收发器电缆将收发器连接到工作站上。
以太网网络电脑图解-2
IEEE802.3提供了多种电缆规范,10Base5就是其中的一种,它与以太网最为接近。在这一规范中,连接电缆称作连接单元接口(AUI),网络连接设备称为介质访问单元(MAU)而不再是收发器。
二、安装方法:
以太网控制器也称以太网适配器,就是我们通常称的“网卡”。安装方法即是插在机器主板的PCI扩展槽里,一般为白色,然后安装所购买网卡中内附的驱动光盘即可。
电脑网络电脑图解-3
三、传输介质:
以太网可以采用多种连接介质,包括同轴缆、双绞线和光纤等。其中双绞线多用于从主机到集线器或交换机的连接,而光纤则主要用于交换机间的级联和交换机到路由器间的点到点链路上。同轴缆作为早期的主要连接介质已经逐渐趋于淘汰。
以太网网络电脑图解-4
注意区分双绞线中的直通线和交叉线两种连线方法。
1、以下连接应使用直通电缆:
交换机到路由器以太网端口;
计算机到交换机;
计算机到集线器。
2、交叉电缆用于直接连接 LAN 中的下列设备:
交换机到交换机;
交换机到集线器;
集线器到集线器;
路由器到路由器的以太网端口连接;
计算机到计算机;
计算机到路由器的以太网端口。
网络电脑图解-5
小结:
当今居于主导地位的局域网技术-以太网。以太网是建立在CSMA/CD机制上的广播型网络。冲突的产生是限制以太网性能的重要因素,早期的以太网设备如集线器是物理层设备,不能隔绝冲突扩散,限制了网络性能的提高。而交换机(网桥)做为一种能隔绝冲突的二层网络设备,极大的提高了以太网的性能。正逐渐替代集线器成为主流的以太网设备。然而交换机(网桥)对网络中的广播数据流量则不做任何限制,这也影响了网络的性能。通过在交换机上划分VLAN和采用三层的网络设备-路由器解决了这一问题。以太网做为一种原理简单,便于实现同时又价格低廉的局域网技术已经成为业界的主流。而更高性能的快速以太网和千兆以太网的出现更使其成为最有前途的网络技术。
以上就是关于以太网的传说了。
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